Ch 09 Review

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. To achieve better, faster, and less expensive methods of software development, __________ designed a Capability Maturity Model (CMM)®, which improves quality, reduces development time, and cuts costs.

a.	ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
b.	SEI (Software Engineering Institute)
c.	ODBC (Open Database Connectivity)
d.	CAIT (Center for the Application of Information Technologies)

2. The first step in application development is to __________.

a.	review carefully all existing documentation
b.	draw a structure chart
c.	perform integration testing
d.	code the program

3. In a structure chart, a curved arrow represents a __________, which indicates that one or more modules are repeated.

a.	pilot	c.	loop
b.	flag	d.	unit

4. If a module must perform multiple tasks, __________ to create and maintain.

a.	less complex coding is required and the module will be less difficult
b.	less complex coding is required but the module will be more difficult
c.	more complex coding is required but the module will be less difficult
d.	more complex coding is required and the module will be more difficult

5. In sequence, the four steps typically followed to create a structure chart are __________.

a.	review the DFDs and object models; identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart, the DFDs, and the data dictionary
b.	identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart, the DFDs, and the data dictionary; review the DFDs and object models
c.	add couples, loops, and conditions; analyze the structure chart, the DFDs, and the data dictionary; review the DFDs and object models; identify modules and relationships
d.	analyze the structure chart, the DFDs, and the data dictionary; review the DFDs and object models; identify modules and relationships; add couples, loops, and conditions

6. __________ graphically represent the logic and interaction between program modules using a series of symbols connected by arrows.

a.	Training plans	c.	Program flowcharts
b.	Acceptance tests	d.	Simulations

7. Program documentation __________.

a.	describes the inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules
b.	describes a system’s functions and how they are implemented
c.	contains all the information needed for processing and distributing printed output
d.	consists of instructions and information to users who will interact with the system

8. Operations documentation __________.

a.	describes the inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules
b.	describes a system’s functions and how they are implemented
c.	contains all the information needed for processing and distributing printed output
d.	consists of instructions and information to users who will interact with the system

9. User documentation __________.

a.	describes the inputs, outputs, and processing logic for all program modules
b.	describes a system’s functions and how they are implemented
c.	contains all the information needed for processing and distributing printed output
d.	consists of instructions and information to users who will interact with the system

10. Unless a problem must be corrected or modifications or enhancements must be made, access to the operational environment is limited to __________ and must be strictly controlled.

a.	systems analysts	c.	programmers
b.	users	d.	all of the above

11. The test environment for an information system contains __________.

a.	hardware and software configurations and settings
b.	system utilities
c.	copies of all programs, procedures, and test data files
d.	telecommunications resources

12. When developing a training program, all of the following guidelines should be kept in mind except __________.

a.	train people individually, with shared training programs for distinct groups
b.	select the most effective place to conduct the training
c.	provide for learning by hearing, seeing, and doing
d.	prepare effective training materials, including interactive tutorials

13. The __________ approach causes the changeover from the old system to the new system to occur immediately when the new system becomes operational.

a.	phased operation	c.	pilot operation
b.	parallel operation	d.	direct cutover

14. The __________ changeover method requires that both the old and the new information systems operate fully for a specific period.

a.	phased operation	c.	pilot operation
b.	parallel operation	d.	direct cutover

15. When evaluating a system, a systems analyst should do all of the following except __________.

a.	observe users and computer operations personnel working with the new system
b.	examine all source documents, output reports, and screen displays
c.	use interviews to gather information and opinions from a large number of users
d.	read all documentation and training materials

16. At the end of the systems implementation phase, the final report to management should include __________.

a.	final versions of all system documentation
b.	a comparison of actual costs and schedules to the original estimates
c.	planned modifications and enhancements to the system that have been identified
d.	all of the above

True/False

Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.

17. Rigorous testing catches errors in the implementation stage, but it is much less expensive to correct mistakes earlier in the development process.

18. Although programmers perform the actual coding, IT managers usually assign systems analysts to work with them as part of a team effort.

19. Pseudocode is language-specific, so it cannot be used to describe a software module in plain English without requiring strict syntax rules.

20. Working from a general plan, a programmer uses a programming language to transform code statements into program logic.

21. Each IT department has its own programming environment and standards.

22. Systems analysts use application generators, report writers, screen generators, fourth-generation languages, and other CASE tools that produce code directly from program design specifications.

23. Errors found during a structured walkthrough are more difficult to fix because coding is still in the development stages.

24. In unit testing, to obtain an independent analysis the programmer who wrote the program usually creates the test data and reviews the results.

25. Commercial software packages must undergo unit and integration testing similar to that of in-house developed systems, although system testing usually is not performed.

26. A systems analyst prepares most of the systems documentation during the systems analysis and systems design phases.

27. Systems analysts seldom are responsible for preparing documentation to help user learn a system.

28. User training typically is scheduled before the system is installed; the training sessions offer a poor opportunity to distribute the user manual and explain the procedures for updating it in the future.

29. A separate test area is necessary to maintain system security and integrity and protect the operational environment.

30. Vendor training often gives the best return on training dollars because it is focused on products that the vendor developed.

31. A single in-house training program will meet everyone’s needs.

32. Data conversion is easier when the new system replaces a manual system, because all data can be entered manually, unless it must be scanned.

33. Whenever possible, people who were not directly involved in developing a system should conduct the post-implementation evaluation.

34. Post-implementation evaluation primarily is concerned with assessing the quality of a new system.